Omanische Heilpflanze im Fokus der Phytochemie IPB-Wissenschaftler und Partner aus Dhofar haben jüngst die omanische Heilpflanze Terminalia dhofarica unter die phytochemische Lupe genommen. Die Pflanze ist reich an…
Geschmack ist vorhersagbar: Mit FlavorMiner. FlavorMiner heißt das Tool, das IPB-Chemiker und Partner aus Kolumbien jüngst entwickelt haben. Das Programm kann, basierend auf maschinellem Lernen (KI), anhand der…
Reisberg, M.; Arnold, N.; Porzel, A.; Neubert, R. H. H.; Dräger, B.;Production of Rare Phyto-Ceramides from Abundant Food Plant ResiduesJ. Agr. Food Chem.651507-1517(2017)DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04275
Ceramides (Cers) are major components of the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum, and play a crucial role in permeability barrier functions. Alterations in Cer composition causing skin diseases are compensated with semisynthetic skin-identical Cers. Plants constitute new resources for Cer production as they contain glucosylceramides (GluCers) as major components. GluCers were purified from industrial waste plant materials, apple pomace (Malus domestica), wheat germs (Triticum sp.), and coffee grounds (Coffea sp.), with GluCer contents of 28.9 mg, 33.7 mg, and 4.4 mg per 100 g of plant material. Forty-five species of GluCers (1–45) were identified with different sphingoid bases, saturated or monounsaturated α-hydroxy fatty acids (C15–28), and β-glucose as polar headgroup. Three main GluCers were hydrolyzed by a recombinant human glucocerebrosidase to produce phyto-Cers (46–48). These studies showed that rare and expensive phyto-Cers can be obtained from industrial food plant residues.
Publikation
Eschen-Lippold, L.; Draeger, T.; Teichert, A.; Wessjohann, L.; Westermann, B.; Rosahl, S.; Arnold, N.;Antioomycete Activity of γ-Oxocrotonate Fatty Acids against P. infestansJ. Agr. Food Chem.579607-9612(2009)DOI: 10.1021/jf902067k
Infections with Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of potato and tomato late blight disease, are difficult to control and can lead to considerable agricultural losses. Thus, the development of new effective agents against the pathogen is of great interest. In previous work, (E)-4-oxohexadec-2-enoic acid (3) was isolated from Hygrophorus eburneus, which exhibited fungicidal activity against Cladosporium cucumerinum. Here, the inhibitory effect of 3 on P. infestans spore germination and mycelium growth in vitro is demonstrated. The in vivo effect on infections of whole potato plants was investigated by spraying plants with the sodium salt of 3, sodium (2E)-4-oxohexadec-2-enoic acid (4), prior to P. infestans inoculation. Additionally, the influence of 3 on mycelium growth of Colletotrichum coccodes, the causal agent of potato black dot disease, was analyzed. In all approaches, a significant inhibition of pathogen development was achieved. Importantly, the unsaturated fatty acid exerted no toxic effect when sprayed on plants, a prerequisite for its commercial use.