IPB Halle: Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzenbiochemie Deutsch

Lange Nacht, die Wissen schafft

4. Juli 2025 am IPB
IPB-Newsletter | April 2025
Wir verstehen Pflanzen!

Der Film zum Institut
Molekulare Signalverarbeitung

Prof. Dr. Steffen Abel
Wie Pflanzen ihrer Umwelt trotzen.
Natur- und Wirkstoffchemie

Prof. Dr. Ludger Wessjohann
Die Chemie der Natur – Basis für Wirkstoffe zur Gesunderhaltung von Mensch und Pflanze.
Biochemie pflanzlicher Interaktionen

Prof. Dr. Tina Romeis
Wechselwirkungen in, von und mit Pflanzen.
Stoffwechsel- und Zellbiologie

Prof. Dr. Alain Tissier
Sekundär jedoch nicht zweitrangig - Die biologischen Funktionen pflanzlicher Sekundärmetaboliten.
Unabhängige Nachwuchsgruppe

Dr. Mariana Schuster

Aktuelles

Unser 10. Leibniz Plant Biochemistry Symposium am 7. und 8. Mai war ein großer Erfolg. Thematisch ging es in diesem Jahr um neue Methoden und Forschungsansätze der Naturstoffchemie. Die exzellenten Vorträge über Wirkstoffe…

Omanische Heilpflanze im Fokus der Phytochemie
IPB-Wissenschaftler und Partner aus Dhofar haben jüngst die omanische Heilpflanze Terminalia dhofarica unter die phytochemische Lupe genommen. Die Pflanze ist reich an…

Geschmack ist vorhersagbar: Mit FlavorMiner.
FlavorMiner heißt das Tool, das IPB-Chemiker und Partner aus Kolumbien jüngst entwickelt haben. Das Programm kann, basierend auf maschinellem Lernen (KI), anhand der…

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Datum: 14.05.2025 Referenznummer: 10/2025

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Ortmann, S.; Marx, J.; Lampe, C.; Handrick, V.; Ehnert, T.-M.; Zinecker, S.; Reimers, M.; Bonas, U.; Lee Erickson, J.; A conserved microtubule-binding region in Xanthomonas XopL is indispensable for induced plant cell death reactions PLOS Pathog. 19 e1011263 (2023) DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011263

Pathogenic Xanthomonas bacteria cause disease on more than 400 plant species. These Gram-negative bacteria utilize the type III secretion system to inject type III effector proteins (T3Es) directly into the plant cell cytosol where they can manipulate plant pathways to promote virulence. The host range of a given Xanthomonas species is limited, and T3E repertoires are specialized during interactions with specific plant species. Some effectors, however, are retained across most strains, such as Xanthomonas Outer Protein L (XopL). As an ‘ancestral’ effector, XopL contributes to the virulence of multiple xanthomonads, infecting diverse plant species. XopL homologs harbor a combination of a leucine-rich-repeat (LRR) domain and an XL-box which has E3 ligase activity. Despite similar domain structure there is evidence to suggest that XopL function has diverged, exemplified by the finding that XopLs expressed in plants often display bacterial species-dependent differences in their sub-cellular localization and plant cell death reactions. We found that XopL from X. euvesicatoria (XopLXe) directly associates with plant microtubules (MTs) and causes strong cell death in agroinfection assays in N. benthamiana. Localization of XopLXe homologs from three additional Xanthomonas species, of diverse infection strategy and plant host, revealed that the distantly related X. campestris pv. campestris harbors a XopL (XopLXcc) that fails to localize to MTs and to cause plant cell death. Comparative sequence analyses of MT-binding XopLs and XopLXcc identified a proline-rich-region (PRR)/α-helical region important for MT localization. Functional analyses of XopLXe truncations and amino acid exchanges within the PRR suggest that MT-localized XopL activity is required for plant cell death reactions. This study exemplifies how the study of a T3E within the context of a genus rather than a single species can shed light on how effector localization is linked to biochemical activity.

Publikation

Blatt-Janmaat, K.; Neumann, S.; Schmidt, F.; Ziegler, J.; Qu, Y.; Peters, K.; Impact of in vitro phytohormone treatments on the metabolome of the leafy liverwort Radula complanata (L.) Dumort Metabolomics 19 17 (2023) DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-01979-y

Introduction Liverworts are a group of non-vascular plants that possess unique metabolism not found in other plants. Many liverwort metabolites have interesting structural and biochemical characteristics, however the fluctuations of these metabolites in response to stressors is largely unknown. Objectives To investigate the metabolic stress-response of the leafy liverwort Radula complanata. Methods Five phytohormones were applied exogenously to in vitro cultured R. complanata and an untargeted metabolomic analysis was conducted. Compound classification and identification was performed with CANOPUS and SIRIUS while statistical analyses including PCA, ANOVA, and variable selection using BORUTA were conducted to identify metabolic shifts.Results It was found that R. complanata was predominantly composed of carboxylic acids and derivatives, followed by benzene and substituted derivatives, fatty acyls, organooxygen compounds, prenol lipids, and flavonoids. The PCA revealed that samples grouped based on the type of hormone applied, and the variable selection using BORUTA (Random Forest) revealed 71 identified and/or classified features that fluctuated with phytohormone application. The stress-response treatments largely reduced the production of the selected primary metabolites while the growth treatments resulted in increased production of these compounds. 4-(3-Methyl-2-butenyl)-5-phenethylbenzene-1,3-diol was identified as a biomarker for the growth treatments while GDP-hexose was identified as a biomarker for the stress-response treatments. Conclusion Exogenous phytohormone application caused clear metabolic shifts in Radula complanata that deviate from the responses of vascular plants. Further identification of the selected metabolite features can reveal metabolic biomarkers unique to liverworts and provide more insight into liverwort stress responses.

Publikation

Humpierre, A. R.; Zanuy, A.; Saenz, M.; Vasco, A. V.; Méndez, Y.; Westermann, B.; Cardoso, F.; Quintero, L.; Santana, D.; Verez, V.; Valdés, Y.; Rivera, D. G.; Garrido, R.; Quantitative NMR for the structural analysis of novel bivalent glycoconjugates as vaccine candidates J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 214 114721 (2022) DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114721

Publikation

Adem, A. A.; Belete, A.; Soboleva, A.; Frolov, A.; Tessema, E. N.; Gebre-Mariam, T.; Neubert, R. H.; Structural characterization of plant glucosylceramides and the corresponding ceramides by UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometry J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 192 113677 (2021) DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113677

Ceramides (CERs) play a major role in skin barrier function and direct replacement of depleted skin CERs,due to skin disorder or aging, has beneficial effects in improving skin barrier function and skin hydration.Though, plants are reliable source of CERs, absence of economical and effective method of hydrolysis toconvert the dominant plant sphingolipid, glucosylceramides (GlcCERs), into CERs remains a challenge.This study aims at exploring alternative GlcCERs sources and chemical method of hydrolysis into CERsfor dermal application. GlcCERs isolated from lupin bean (Lupinus albus), mung bean (Vigna radiate) andnaked barley (Hordium vulgare) were identified using ultra high performance liquid chromatographyhyphenated with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization - high resolution tandem mass spectrometer(UHPLC/APCI-HRMS/MS) and quantified with validated automated multiple development-high perfor-mance thin layer chromatography (AMD-HPTLC) method. Plant GlcCERs were hydrolyzed into CERs withmild acid hydrolysis (0.1 N HCl) after treating them with oxidizing agent, NaIO4,and reducing agent,NaBH4. GlcCERs with 4,8-sphingadienine, 8-sphingenine and 4-hydroxy-8-sphingenine sphingoid baseslinked with C14 to C26 -hydroxylated fatty acids (FAs) were identified. Single GlcCER (m/z 714.5520)was dominant in lupin and mung beans while five major GlcCERs species (m/z 714.5520, m/z 742.5829,m/z 770.6144, m/z 842.6719 and m/z 844.56875) were obtained from naked barley. The GlcCERs con-tents of the three plants were comparable. However, lupin bean contains predominantly (> 98 %) a singleGlcCER (m/z 714.5520). Considering the affordability, GlcCER content and yield, lupin bean would bethe preferred alternative commercial source of GlcCERs. CER species bearing 4,8-sphingadienine and 8-sphingenine sphingoid bases attached to C14 to 24 FAs were found after mild acid hydrolysis. CER specieswith m/z 552.4992 was the main component in the beans while CER with m/z 608.5613 was dominantin the naked barley. However, CERs with 4-hydroxy-8-sphingenine sphingoid base were not detected inUHPLC-HRMS/MS study suggesting that the method works for mainly GlcCERs carrying dihydroxy sph-ingoid bases. The method is economical and effective which potentiates the commercialization of plantCERs for dermal application.

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Lange Nacht, die Wissen schafft

IPB-Newsletter | April 2025

Wir verstehen Pflanzen!

Molekulare Signalverarbeitung

Natur- und Wirkstoffchemie

Biochemie pflanzlicher Interaktionen

Stoffwechsel- und Zellbiologie

Unabhängige Nachwuchsgruppe

Aktuelles

Gelungenes Symposium

+++ Newsticker Wissenschaft #182 +++ Naturstoffe +++

+++ Newsticker Wissenschaft #181 +++ Maschinelles Lernen +++

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Referent*in der Geschäftsführung (m/w/d) (10/2025)

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