Omanische Heilpflanze im Fokus der Phytochemie IPB-Wissenschaftler und Partner aus Dhofar haben jüngst die omanische Heilpflanze Terminalia dhofarica unter die phytochemische Lupe genommen. Die Pflanze ist reich an…
Geschmack ist vorhersagbar: Mit FlavorMiner. FlavorMiner heißt das Tool, das IPB-Chemiker und Partner aus Kolumbien jüngst entwickelt haben. Das Programm kann, basierend auf maschinellem Lernen (KI), anhand der…
Farag, M. A.; Wessjohann, L. A.;Volatiles Profiling in Medicinal Licorice Roots Using Steam Distillation and Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) Coupled to ChemometricsJ. Food Sci.77C1179-C1184(2012)DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02927.x
Abstract: Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) is a plant of considerable commercial importance in traditional medicine and for the flavor and sweets industry. Although Glycyrrhiza species are very competitive targets for phytochemical studies, very little is known about the volatiles composition within that genus, although such knowledge can be suspected to be relevant for understanding the olfactory and taste properties. To provide insight into Glycyrrhiza species aroma composition and for its use in food and pharmaceutical industry, volatile constituents from G. glabra, G. inflata, and G. echinata roots were profiled using steam distillation and solid‐phase microextraction. Two phenols, thymol and carvacrol, were found exclusively in essential oil and headspace samples of G. glabra, and with highest amounts for samples that originated from Egypt. In G. echinata oil, (2E, 4E)‐decadienal (21%) and β‐caryophyllene oxide (24%) were found as main constituents, whereas 1α, 10α‐epoxyamorpha‐4‐ene (13%) and β‐dihydroionone (8%) predominated G. inflata. Principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses clearly separated G. echinata and G. inflata from G. glabra; with phenolics and aliphatic aldehydes contributing mostly for species segregation.Practical Application: Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) has large economic, nutritional, and medicinal values. The data presented in this article help in licorice quality control analysis to identify G. glabra from its closely allied species. The presence of thymol and carvacrol exclusively in G. glabra suggests that these volatiles could serve as chemotaxonomic markers and also might be considered as potentially relevant for taste.
Publikation
Reginato, M.; Abdala, G.; Miersch, O.; Ruiz, O.; Moschetti, E.; Luna, V.;Changes in the levels of jasmonates and free polyamines induced by Na2SO4 and NaCl in roots and leaves of the halophyte Prosopis strombuliferaBiologia67689-697(2012)DOI: 10.2478/s11756-012-0052-7
Prosopis strombulifera, a common legume in high-salinity soils of Argentina, is a useful model for elucidation of salt tolerance mechanisms and specific biochemical pathways in halophytes, since its NaCl tolerance exceeds the limit described for most halophytic plants. We analyzed the effects of the increasing concentration of two main soil salts, Na2SO4 and NaCl, on growth parameters of P. strombulifera, chlorophyll levels, and content of jasmonates (JAs) and polyamines (PAs), which are key molecules involved in stress responses. P. strombulifera showed a halophytic response (growth promotion) to NaCl, but strong growth inhibition by iso-osmotic solutions of Na2SO4. Chlorophyll levels, number of leaves and leaf area were also differentially affected. An important finding was the partial alleviation of SO42− toxicity by treatment with two-salt mixture. JAs are not directly involved in salt tolerance in this species since its levels decrease under all salt treatments. Beneficial effects of Putrescine (Put) accumulation in NaCl treated plants maybe inferred probably associated with the antioxidative defense system. Another novel finding is the accumulation of the uncommon PA cadaverine in roots under high Na2SO4, which may be related to SO42− toxicity.