IPB Halle: Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzenbiochemie Deutsch

Lange Nacht, die Wissen schafft

4. Juli 2025 am IPB
IPB-Newsletter | April 2025
Wir verstehen Pflanzen!

Der Film zum Institut
Molekulare Signalverarbeitung

Prof. Dr. Steffen Abel
Wie Pflanzen ihrer Umwelt trotzen.
Natur- und Wirkstoffchemie

Prof. Dr. Ludger Wessjohann
Die Chemie der Natur – Basis für Wirkstoffe zur Gesunderhaltung von Mensch und Pflanze.
Biochemie pflanzlicher Interaktionen

Prof. Dr. Tina Romeis
Wechselwirkungen in, von und mit Pflanzen.
Stoffwechsel- und Zellbiologie

Prof. Dr. Alain Tissier
Sekundär jedoch nicht zweitrangig - Die biologischen Funktionen pflanzlicher Sekundärmetaboliten.
Unabhängige Nachwuchsgruppe

Dr. Mariana Schuster

Aktuelles

Unser 10. Leibniz Plant Biochemistry Symposium am 7. und 8. Mai war ein großer Erfolg. Thematisch ging es in diesem Jahr um neue Methoden und Forschungsansätze der Naturstoffchemie. Die exzellenten Vorträge über Wirkstoffe…

Omanische Heilpflanze im Fokus der Phytochemie
IPB-Wissenschaftler und Partner aus Dhofar haben jüngst die omanische Heilpflanze Terminalia dhofarica unter die phytochemische Lupe genommen. Die Pflanze ist reich an…

Geschmack ist vorhersagbar: Mit FlavorMiner.
FlavorMiner heißt das Tool, das IPB-Chemiker und Partner aus Kolumbien jüngst entwickelt haben. Das Programm kann, basierend auf maschinellem Lernen (KI), anhand der…

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Datum: 14.05.2025 Referenznummer: 10/2025

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Publikation

Mittelberger, C.; Moser, M.; Hause, B.; Janik, K.; ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ SAP11-Like protein modulates expression of genes involved in energy production, photosynthesis, and defense in Nicotiana occidentalis leaves BMC Plant Biol. 24 393 (2024) DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05087-4

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Khalil, S.; Strah, R.; Lodovici, A.; Vojta, P.; Berardinis, F. D.; Ziegler, J.; Novak, M. P.; Zanin, L.; Tomasi, N.; Forneck, A.; Griesser, M.; The activation of iron deficiency responses of grapevine rootstocks is dependent to the availability of the nitrogen forms BMC Plant Biol. 24 218 (2024) DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04906-y

Background In viticulture, iron (Fe) chlorosis is a common abiotic stress that impairs plant development and leads to yield and quality losses. Under low availability of the metal, the applied N form (nitrate and ammonium) can play a role in promoting or mitigating Fe deficiency stresses. However, the processes involved are not clear in grapevine. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the response of two grapevine rootstocks to the interaction between N forms and Fe uptake. This process was evaluated in a hydroponic experiment using two ungrafted grapevine rootstocks Fercal (Vitis berlandieri x V. vinifera) tolerant to deficiency induced Fe chlorosis and Couderc 3309 (V. riparia x V. rupestris) susceptible to deficiency induced Fe chlorosis. Results The results could differentiate Fe deficiency effects, N-forms effects, and rootstock effects. Interveinal chlorosis of young leaves appeared earlier on 3309 C from the second week of treatment with NO3−/NH4+ (1:0)/-Fe, while Fercal leaves showed less severe symptoms after four weeks of treatment, corresponding to decreased chlorophyll concentrations lowered by 75% in 3309 C and 57% in Fercal. Ferric chelate reductase (FCR) activity was by trend enhanced under Fe deficiency in Fercal with both N combinations, whereas 3309 C showed an increase in FCR activity under Fe deficiency only with NO3−/NH4+ (1:1) treatment. With the transcriptome analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) revealed multiple biological processes and molecular functions that were significantly regulated in grapevine rootstocks under Fe-deficient conditions, with more genes regulated in Fercal responses, especially when both forms of N were supplied. Furthermore, the expression of genes involved in the auxin and abscisic acid metabolic pathways was markedly increased by the equal supply of both forms of N under Fe deficiency conditions. In addition, changes in the expression of genes related to Fe uptake, regulation, and transport reflected the different responses of the two grapevine rootstocks to different N forms. Conclusions Results show a clear contribution of N forms to the response of the two grapevine rootstocks under Fe deficiency, highlighting the importance of providing both N forms (nitrate and ammonium) in an appropriate ratio in order to ease the rootstock responses to Fe deficiency.

Publikation

Manh, M. B.; Ost, C.; Peiter, E.; Hause, B.; Krupinska, K.; Humbeck, K.; WHIRLY1 acts upstream of ABA-related reprogramming of drought-induced gene expression in Barley and affects stress-related histone modifications Int. J. Mol. Sci. 24 6326 (2023) DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076326

WHIRLY1, a small plant-specific ssDNA-binding protein, dually located in chloroplasts and the nucleus, is discussed to act as a retrograde signal transmitting a stress signal from the chloroplast to the nucleus and triggering there a stress-related gene expression. In this work, we investigated the function of WHIRLY1 in the drought stress response of barley, employing two overexpression lines (oeW1-2 and oeW1-15). The overexpression of WHIRLY1 delayed the drought-stress-related onset of senescence in primary leaves. Two abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent marker genes of drought stress, HvNCED1 and HvS40, whose expression in the wild type was induced during drought treatment, were not induced in overexpression lines. In addition, a drought-related increase in ABA concentration in the leaves was suppressed in WHIRLY1 overexpression lines. To analyze the impact of the gain-of-function of WHIRLY1 on the drought-related reprogramming of nuclear gene expression, RNAseq was performed comparing the wild type and an overexpression line. Cluster analyses revealed a set of genes highly up-regulated in response to drought in the wild type but not in the WHIRLY1 overexpression lines. Among these genes were many stress- and abscisic acid (ABA)-related ones. Another cluster comprised genes up-regulated in the oeW1 lines compared to the wild type. These were related to primary metabolism, chloroplast function and growth. Our results indicate that WHIRLY1 acts as a hub, balancing trade-off between stress-related and developmental pathways. To test whether the gain-of-function of WHIRLY1 affects the epigenetic control of stress-related gene expression, we analyzed drought-related histone modifications in different regions of the promoter and at the transcriptional start sites of HvNCED1 and HvS40. Interestingly, the level of euchromatic marks (H3K4me3 and H3K9ac) was clearly decreased in both genes in a WHIRLY1 overexpression line. Our results indicate that WHIRLY1, which is discussed to act as a retrograde signal, affects the ABA-related reprogramming of nuclear gene expression during drought via differential histone modifications.

Publikation

Rajakumara, E.; Saniya, D.; Bajaj, P.; Rajeshwari, R.; Giri, J.; Davari, M. D.; Hijacking chemical reactions of P450 enzymes for altered chemical reactions and asymmetric synthesis Int. J. Mol. Sci. 24 214 (2023) DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010214

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Lange Nacht, die Wissen schafft

IPB-Newsletter | April 2025

Wir verstehen Pflanzen!

Molekulare Signalverarbeitung

Natur- und Wirkstoffchemie

Biochemie pflanzlicher Interaktionen

Stoffwechsel- und Zellbiologie

Unabhängige Nachwuchsgruppe

Aktuelles

Gelungenes Symposium

+++ Newsticker Wissenschaft #182 +++ Naturstoffe +++

+++ Newsticker Wissenschaft #181 +++ Maschinelles Lernen +++

Stellenausschreibungen

Referent*in der Geschäftsführung (m/w/d) (10/2025)

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