Geschmack ist vorhersagbar: Mit FlavorMiner. FlavorMiner heißt das Tool, das IPB-Chemiker und Partner aus Kolumbien jüngst entwickelt haben. Das Programm kann, basierend auf maschinellem Lernen (KI), anhand der…
Seit Februar 2021 bietet Wolfgang Brandt, ehemaliger Leiter der Arbeitsgruppe Computerchemie am IPB, sein Citizen Science-Projekt zur Pilzbestimmung an. Dafür hat er in regelmäßigen Abständen öffentliche Vorträge zur Vielfalt…
Jasmonates (JAs) are a family of oxylipin phytohormones regulating plant development and growth and mediating ‘defense versus growth’ responses. The upstream JA biosynthetic precursor cis-(+)-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (cis-OPDA) acts independently of CORONATIVE INSENSITIVE 1 (COI1)-mediated JA signaling in several stress-induced and developmental processes. However, its perception and metabolism are only partially understood. A few years ago, a low abundant isoleucine analog of the biologically active JA-Ile, OPDA-Ile, was detected years ago in wounded leaves of flowering plants, opening up the possibility that conjugation of cis-OPDA to amino acids might be a relevant mechanism for cis-OPDA regulation. Here, we extended the analysis of amino acid conjugates of cis-OPDA and identified naturally occurring OPDA-Val, OPDA-Phe, OPDA-Ala, OPDA-Glu, and OPDA-Asp accumulating in response to biotic and abiotic stress in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The OPDA-amino acid conjugates displayed cis-OPDA-related plant responses in a JA-Ile-dependent manner. We also showed that the synthesis and hydrolysis of cis-OPDA amino acid conjugates are mediated by members of the amidosynthetase GRETCHEN HAGEN 3 (GH3) and the amidohydrolase INDOLE-3-ACETYL-LEUCINE RESISTANT 1 (ILR1)/ILR1-like (ILL) families. Thus, OPDA amino acid conjugates function in the catabolism or temporary storage of cis-OPDA in stress responses instead of acting as chemical signals per se.
Preprints
Balcke, G.; Saoud, M.; Grau, J.; Rennert, R.; Mueller, T.; Yousefi, M.; Davari, M. D.; Hause, B.; Csuk, R.; Rashan, L.; Grosse, I.; Tissier, A.; Wessjohann, L.;Machine learning-based metabolic pattern recognition predicts mode of action for anti-cancer drug candidatesResearch Square(2024)DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3494185/v1
A bottleneck in the development of new anti-cancer drugs is the recognition of their mode of action (MoA). We combined metabolomics and machine learning to predict MoAs of novel anti-proliferative drug candidates, focusing on human prostate cancer cells (PC-3). As proof of concept, we studied 38 drugs with known effects on 16 key processes of cancer metabolism, profiling low molecular weight intermediates of the central carbon and cellular energy metabolism (CCEM) by LC-MS/MS. These metabolic patterns unveiled distinct MoAs, enabling accurate MoA predictions for novel agents by machine learning. We validate the transferability of MoA predictions from PC-3 to two other cancer cell models and show that correct predictions are still possible, but at the expense of prediction quality. Furthermore, metabolic profiles of treated cells yield insights into intracellular processes, exemplified for drugs inducing different types of mitochondrial dysfunction. Specifically, we predict that pentacyclic triterpenes inhibit oxidative phosphorylation and affect phospholipid biosynthesis, as supported by respiration parameters, lipidomics, and molecular docking. Using biochemical insights from individual drug treatments, our approach offers new opportunities, including the optimization of combinatorial drug applications.
Publikation
Eldehna, W. M.; Fares, M.; Bonardi, A.; Avgenikos, M.; Baselious, F.; Schmidt, M.; Al-Warhi, T.; Abdel-Aziz, H. A.; Rennert, R.; Peat, T. S.; Supuran, C. T.; Wessjohann, L. A.; Ibrahim, H. S.;4-(Pyrazolyl)benzenesulfonamide Ureas as Carbonic Anhydrases Inhibitors and Hypoxia-Mediated Chemo-Sensitizing Agents in Colorectal Cancer CellsJ. Med. Chem.6720438-20454(2024)DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01894
Hypoxia in tumors contributes to chemotherapy resistance, worsened by acidosis driven by carbonic anhydrases (hCA IX and XII). Targeting these enzymes can mitigate acidosis, thus enhancing tumor sensitivity to cytotoxic drugs. Herein, novel 4-(pyrazolyl)benzenesulfonamide ureas (SH7a−t) were developed and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against hCA IX and XII. They showed promising results (hCA IX: KI =15.9−67.6 nM, hCA XII: KI = 16.7−65.7 nM). Particularly, SH7s demonstrated outstanding activity (KIs = 15.9 nM for hCA IX and 55.2 nM for hCA XII) and minimal off-target kinase inhibition over a panel of 258 kinases. In NCI anticancer screening, SH7s exhibited broad-spectrum activity with an effective growth inhibition full panel GI50 (MG-MID) value of 3.5 μM and a subpanel GI50 (MG-MID) range of 2.4−6.3 μM. Furthermore, SH7s enhanced the efficacy of Taxol and 5-fluorouracil in cotreatment regimens under hypoxic conditions in HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells, indicating its potential as a promising anticancer agent.
Publikation
Eichhorn, T.; Đošić, M.; Dimić, D.; Morgan, I.; Milenković, D.; Rennert, R.; Amić, A.; Marković, Z.; Kaluđerović, G. N.; Dimitrić Marković, J.;Ru(II)‐nitrophenylhydrazine/chlorophenylhydrazine complexes: Nanoarchitectonics, biological evaluation and in silico studyEur. J. Inorg. Chem.27e202300683(2024)DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202300683
Ru(II)‐arene compounds are being investigated as anticancer agents due to the biocompatibility of ruthenium and their structural diversity. Two newly synthesized Ru(II) complexes, [RuCl(η6‐p‐cymene)(3‐DNPH)] (chlorido(η6‐p‐cymene)(3‐nitrophenylhydrazine‐k2N,N′)ruthenium(II)) (1) and [RuCl(η6‐p‐cymene)(3‐CNPH)] (chlorido(3‐chlorophenylhydrazine‐k2N,N′)(η6‐p‐cymene)ruthenium(II)) (2), are experimentally (IR, NMR) and theoretically (B3LYP/6‐31+G(d,p)(H,C,N,Cl)/LanL2DZ(Ru)) characterized. Experimental and theoretical values of 1H and 13C chemical shifts and position of the most intense vibrational bands showed high correlation coefficients and low mean absolute errors, proving the predicted structure and applicability of the selected level of theory. Cell viability studies performed on MDA‐MB‐468, BT‐474, and PC3 cells using MTT and CV assay indicated the activity of the second complex similar to the activity of cisplatin towards BT‐474 breast cancer cells. The spectrofluorimetric measurements of Bovine Serum Albumin showed the binding process‘s spontaneity of complexes and protein, with a binding energy of around −30 kJ mol−1. Detailed molecular docking analysis allowed the elucidation of the binding mechanism through specific intermolecular interactions. Both compounds showed a higher affinity towards BSA than naproxen and cisplatin. Molecular docking simulations proved the spontaneity of the complexes binding to DNA. Based on these promising results, further biological examinations of these compounds are advised.Graphical Abstract
The cytotoxicity, protein binding affinity, interactions
with DNA, spectral and structural features of two new Ru(II) compounds,
[RuCl(η6-p-cymene)(3-DNPH)] chlorido(η6-p-cymene)(3-nitrophenylhydrazine-k2N,N′)ruthenium(II) and [RuCl(η6-p-cymene)(3-CNPH)] chlorido(3-chlorophenylhydrazine-k2N,N′)(η6-p-cymene)ruthenium(II), are examined experimentally and theoretically.