Die Plant Science Student Conference (PSSC) wird seit 20 Jahren im jährlichen Wechsel von Studierenden der beiden Leibniz-Institute IPK und IPB organisiert. Im Interview erläutern Christina Wäsch (IPK) und Carolin Apel (IPB),…
Über 600 Gäste kamen am 4. Juli ans IPB zur Langen Nacht, die Wissen schafft, um bei unserem Wissenschafts-Quiz-Parcours viel Neues zu erfahren und ihre Kenntnisse unter Beweis zu stellen. Unser Programm in diesem Jahr…
Zeng, M.; Hause, B.; van Dam, N. M.; Uthe, H.; Hoffmann, P.; Krajinski, F.; Martínez‐Medina, A.;The mycorrhizal symbiosis alters the plant defence strategy in a model legume plantPlant Cell Environ.453412-3428(2022)DOI: 10.1111/pce.14421
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis modulates plant‐herbivore interactions. Still, how it shapes the overall plant defence strategy and the mechanisms involved remain unclear. We investigated how AM symbiosis simultaneously modulates plant resistance and tolerance to a shoot herbivore, and explored the underlying mechanisms. Bioassays with Medicago truncatula plants were used to study the effect of the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis on plant resistance and tolerance to Spodoptera exigua herbivory. By performing molecular and chemical analyses, we assessed the impact of AM symbiosis on herbivore‐triggered phosphate (Pi)‐ and jasmonate (JA)‐related responses. Upon herbivory, AM symbiosis led to an increased leaf Pi content by boosting the mycorrhizal Pi‐uptake pathway. This enhanced both plant tolerance and herbivore performance. AM symbiosis counteracted the herbivore‐triggered JA burst, reducing plant resistance. To disentangle the role of the mycorrhizal Pi‐uptake pathway in the plant\'s response to herbivory, we used the mutant line ha1‐2, impaired in the H+‐ATPase gene HA1, which is essential for Pi‐uptake via the mycorrhizal pathway. We found that mycorrhiza‐triggered enhancement of herbivore performance was compromised in ha1‐2 plants. AM symbiosis thus affects the defence pattern of M. truncatula by altering resistance and tolerance simultaneously. We propose that the mycorrhizal Pi‐uptake pathway is involved in the modulation of the plant defence strategy.
Publikation
Morgan, I.; Wessjohann, L. A.; Kaluđerović, G. N.;In vitro anticancer screening and preliminary mechanistic study of a-ring substituted anthraquinone derivativesCells11168(2022)DOI: 10.3390/cells11010168
Anthraquinone derivatives exhibit various biological activities, e.g., antifungal, antibacterial and in vitro antiviral activities. They are naturally produced in many fungal and plant families such as Rhamnaceae or Fabaceae. Furthermore, they were found to have anticancer activity, exemplified by mitoxantrone and pixantrone, and many are well known redox-active compounds. In this study, various nature inspired synthetic anthraquinone derivatives were tested against colon, prostate, liver and cervical cancer cell lines. Most of the compounds exhibit anticancer effects against all cell lines, therefore the compounds were further studied to determine their IC50-values. Of these compounds, 1,4-bis(benzyloxy)-2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)anthracene-9,10-dione (4) exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against PC3 cells and was chosen for a deeper look into its mechanism of action. Based on flow cytometry, the compound was proven to induce apoptosis through the activation of caspases and to demolish the ROS/RNS and NO equilibrium in the PC3 cell line. It trapped cells in the G2/M phase. Western blotting was performed for several proteins related to the effects observed. Compound 4 enhanced the production of PARP and caspase-3. Moreover, it activated the conversion of LC3A/B-I to LC3A/B-II showing that also autophagy plays a role in its mechanism of action, and it caused the phosphorylation of p70 s6 kinase.