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The ectoenzyme dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) is an integral plasma membrane glycoprotein abundantly expressed on a variety of cell surfaces.1 It is a serine peptidase of broad medical and biochemical significance. It plays a role in the degradations and post translational processing of bioactive peptides such as substance P, ß-casomorphins, growth hormone-releasing hormone and promelittin.2–9 DPP IV has been identified as CD26.10 Recently, it could be demonstrated that it is not only a surface differentiation marker involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals in thymocytes and T lymphocytes in human but also a cofactor in AIDS expression.10–13