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Tchatchouang Noulala, C. G.; Fotso, G. W.; Rennert, R.; Lenta, B. N.; Sewald, N.; Arnold, N.; Happi, E. N.; Ngadjui, B. T.; Mesomeric form of quaternary indoloquinazoline alkaloid and other constituents from the Cameroonian Rutaceae Araliopsis soyauxii Engl. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 91 104050 (2020) DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2020.104050
  • Abstract
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A mesomeric form of quaternary indoloquinazoline alkaloid, soyauxinium chloride (1) was obtained through the chemical investigation of stem bark and roots of Araliopsis soyauxii Engl. [syn. Vepris soyauxii (Engl.) Mziray] (Rutaceae) together with fifteen known compounds, including three furoquinoline alkaloids, three 2-quinolones, two limonoids, two triterpenes, two steroids, a coumarin, an acridone alkaloid, and a flavonoid glycoside. Their structures were established by comprehensive spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses (1D and 2D NMR, ESI-HR-MS) and by comparison with previously reported data. 13C NMR data of araliopsinine are also reported here for the first time. The isolated compounds were screened in vitro for their effects on the viability of two different human cancer cell lines, namely prostate PC-3 adenocarcinoma cells and colorectal HT-29 adenocarcinoma cells. However, none of the tested compounds exhibited strong anti-proliferative or cytotoxic activities, to either prostate PC-3 cells or colon HT-29 cells. At 100 μM, the furoquinoline maculine showed a slightly increased anti-proliferative effect, however, exclusively on HT-29 cells. The chemotaxonomic significance of the isolated compounds has also been discussed.

Publications

Chalo, D. M.; Kakudidi, E.; Origa-Oryem, H.; Namukobe, J.; Franke, K.; Yenesew, A.; Wessjohann, L. A.; Chemical constituents of the roots of Ormocarpum sennoides subsp. zanzibaricum Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 93 104142 (2020) DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2020.104142
  • Abstract
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Phytochemical investigation of the roots of O. sennoides subsp. zanzibaricum Brenan & J.B. Gillett resulted in the isolation of three biflavonoids (trime-chamaejasmin, (+)- chamaejasmin, (+)-liquiritigeninyl-(I-3,II-3)-naringenin), one bi-4-phenyldihydrocoumarin (diphysin), one isoflavan (glabridin), one triterpenoid (3-O-acetyloleanoic acid) and a phytosterol (β-sitosterol). Compounds were identified by detailed MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses. Their absolute configurations were elucidated based on ECD spectra. The previously undescribed trime-chamaejasmin represents a bis-epi-chamaejasmenin C diastereomer. The chemophenetic significance is discussed in detail. The results contribute to the phytochemical characterization of the genus Ormocarpum and suggest a close chemophenetic relationship with other genera within the subfamily Papilionoideae. Furthermore, this report provides baseline data for comparing the two infraspecific taxa of O. sennoides (Willd.) DC.

Publications

Fobofou, S. A. T.; Ares, K.; Arnold, N.; Imming, P.; New source report: Chemical constituents of Hypericum quartinianum (Hypericaceae), a sub-Saharan African plant species Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 85 46-49 (2019) DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2019.05.006
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Fobofou Tanemossu, S. A.; Franke, K.; Schmidt, J.; Wessjohann, L.; Chemical constituents of Psorospermum densipunctatum (Hypericaceae) Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 59 174-176 (2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2015.01.018
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0

Publications

Wasternack, C.; Hause, B.; Blütenduft, Abwehr, Entwicklung: Jasmonsäure - ein universelles Pflanzenhormon Biologie in unserer Zeit 44 164-171 (2014) DOI: 10.1002/biuz.201410535
  • Abstract
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Pflanzen müssen gegen vielfältige biotische und abiotische Umwelteinflusse eine Abwehr aufbauen. Aber gleichzeitig müssen sie wachsen und sich vermehren. Jasmonate sind neben anderen Hormonen ein zentrales Signal bei der Etablierung von Abwehrmechanismen, aber auch Signal von Entwicklungsprozessen wie Blüten‐ und Trichombildung, sowie der Hemmung von Wachstum. Biosynthese und essentielle Komponenten der Signaltransduktion von JA und seinem biologisch aktiven Konjugat JA‐Ile sind gut untersucht. Der Rezeptor ist ein Proteinkomplex, der “JA‐Ile‐Wahrnehmung” mit proteasomalem Abbau von Repressorproteinen verbindet. Dadurch können positiv agierende Transkriptionsfaktoren wirksam werden und vielfältige Genexpressionsänderungen auslösen. Dies betrifft die Bildung von Abwehrproteinen, Enzymen der JA‐Biosynthese und Sekundärstoffbildung, und Proteinen von Signalketten und Entwicklungsprozessen. Die Kenntnisse zur JA‐Ile‐Wirkung werden in Landwirtschaft und Biotechnologie genutzt.

Publications

Thien, D. G.; Hoang Anh, N. T.; Porzel, A.; Franke, K.; Wessjohann, L.; Van Sung, T.; Triterpene acids and polyphenols from Eriobotrya poilanei Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 40 198-200 (2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2011.11.001
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The occurrence of flavolignans might be a valuable chemotaxonomic marker for the classification of Rosaceae species.

Publications

de Gouveia Baratelli, T.; Candido Gomes, A. C.; Wessjohann, L. A.; Machado Kuster, R.; Kato Simas, N.; Phytochemical and allelopathic studies of Terminalia catappa L. (Combretaceae) Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 41 119-125 (2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2011.12.008
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The allelopathic potential of Terminalia catappa L. Combretaceae fruits and leaves on Lactuca sativa L. (lettuce), Euphorbia heterophylla L. and Commelina benghalensis L. was studied. Bioassays indicated the highest activity for dichloromethane and ethyl-acetate fractions of ethanolic extracts from fruits, and the mean effective concentration (EC50) was determined. 2-Pentadecanone; vanillic, siringic, ferulic, p-coumaric, palmitic and stearic acids were characterized in the dichloromethane fraction, and 3,4,4′-tri-O-methyl ellagic acid and β-sitosterol-3-O-β-d-glucoside were isolated from it. No allelopathic effects were observed when the dichloromethane extracts of T. catappa fruit or leaf extracts were applied to the weeds E. heterophylla and C. benghalensis. Bioassays with seasonal sampling revealed an influence on the allelochemical potential of T. catappa. Considering the methodology adopted and the experimental results, the allelopathic activity of T. catappa seems to be related to the interaction of different groups of substances, some of them identified and characterized in this work.

Publications

Zanetsie Kakam, A. M.; Franke, K.; Ndom, J. C.; Dongo, E.; Mpondo, T. N.; Wessjohann, L. A.; Secondary metabolites from Helichrysum foetidum and their chemotaxonomic significance Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 39 166-167 (2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2011.02.005
  • Abstract
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The occurrence of tetracyclic kauran type diterpenoids or related structures might be a valuable chemotaxonomic marker for further classification and subdivision of the polyphyletic genus Helichrysum.

Publications

Walter, M. H.; Floß, D. S.; Strack, D.; Die facettenreiche Welt der Apocarotinoide. Farben, Düfte, Aromen und Hormone Biologie in unserer Zeit 39 336-344 (2009) DOI: 10.1002/biuz.200910402
  • Abstract
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Apocarotinoide werden durch hochspezifische Spaltungsreaktionen oxidativer Enzyme an den Doppelbindungen von Carotinoiden maßgeschneidert. Es können neue Chromophore entstehen, die zusätzliche Nuancen des gelb‐roten Farbspektrums eröffnen. Farblose C13‐Apocarotinoide können potente Duft‐ und Aromastoffe sein. Viele Apocarotinoidfunktionen mit Hormoncharakter sind lange bekannt (Abszisinsäure in Pflanzen, Trisporsäure in Pilzen, Retinsäure in Säugern). Eine neue Klasse von Apocarotinoid‐Pflanzenhormonen, die die Sprossverzweigung der Pflanzen mitbestimmen, wurde kürzlich als Strigolactone identifiziert. In ihrer Biosynthese wie auch in der von mykorrhizainduzierten C13/C14‐Apocarotinoiden treten mehrstufige aufeinanderfolgende Carotinoidspaltungsreaktionen auf. Das Wissen über Synthesewege und Funktionen von Apocarotinoiden eröffnet neue Perspektiven für Anwendungen im Zierpflanzenbau, bei der Bekämpfung parasitischer Unkräuter und in der Beeinflussung von Blütendüften und Fruchtaromen.

Publications

Schaarschmidt, S.; Hause, B.; Strack, D.; Wege zur Endomykorrhiza. Einladung ans Buffet Biologie in unserer Zeit 39 102-113 (2009) DOI: 10.1002/biuz.200610385
  • Abstract
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Die Lebensgemeinschaft mit Mykorrhizapilzen stellt Pflanzen mineralische Nährstoffe und Wasser zur Verfügung und gilt daher als evolutionäre Grundlage für die Entwicklung der Landpflanzen. Die heute weit verbreitete arbuskuläre Mykorrhiza (AM) ist insbesondere unter widrigen Bedingungen (Nährstoffmangel, Trocken‐, Salz‐ oder Schwermetallstress sowie Pathogenbefall) für die Pflanze von Nutzen. Der pilzliche AM‐Partner, der obligat auf die Interaktion angewiesen ist, wird im Gegenzug mit Kohlenhydraten versorgt. Der Artikel beschreibt den aktuellen Stand der Forschung bezüglich der Etablierung und Regulation der AM durch die Pflanze. Es werden die frühen Erkennungssignale und die nachfolgende Wegbereitung der Pflanze für den eindringenden Pilz, die Kohlenhydratversorgung des AM‐Pilzes, wie auch die Limitierung der pilzlichen Infektionen mittels Autoregulation und die Rolle der Phytohormone für eine funktionelle und ausgeglichene Symbiose behandelt.

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