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This page was last modified on 27 Jan 2025 27 Jan 2025 .
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The histories of research regarding all plant hormones are similar. Identification and structural elucidation have been followed by analyses of their biosynthesis, distributions, signaling cascades, roles in developmental or stress response programs, and crosstalk. Jasmonic acid (JA) and its derivatives comprise a group of plant hormones that were discovered recently, compared to auxin, abscisic acid, cytokinins, gibberellic acid, and ethylene. Nevertheless, there have been tremendous advances in JA research, following the general progression outlined above and parallel efforts focused on several other “new” plant hormones (brassinosteroids, salicylate, and strigolactones). This review focuses on historical aspects of the identification of jasmonates, and characterization of their biosynthesis, distribution, perception, signaling pathways, crosstalk with other hormones and roles in plant stress responses and development. The aim is to illustrate how our present knowledge on jasmonates was generated and how that influences current efforts to extend our knowledge.
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The effect of osmotically active substances on the alteration of endogenous jasmonates was studied in barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Salome) leaf tissue. Leaf segments were subjected to solutions of d-sorbitol, d-mannitol, polyethylene glycol 6000, sodium chloride, or water as a control. Alterations of endogenous jasmonates were monitored qualitatively and quantitatively using immunoassays. The structures of jasmonates isolated were determined on the basis of authentic substances by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The stereochemistry of the conjugates was confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography with diastereoisomeric references. In barley leaves, jasmonic acid and its amino acid conjugates, for example, with valine, leucine, and isoleucine, are naturally occurring jasmonates. In untreated leaf segments, only low levels of these native jasmonates were found. After treatment of the leaf tissues with sorbitol, mannitol, as well as with polyethylene glycol, an increase of both jasmonic acid and its conjugates could be observed, depending on the stress conditions used. In contrast, salt stress was without any stimulating effect on the levels of endogenous jasmonates. From barley leaf segments exposed to sorbitol (1m) for 24 h, jasmonic acid was identified as the major accumulating compound. Jasmonic acid-amino acid conjugates increased likewise upon stress treatment.
This page was last modified on 27 Jan 2025 27 Jan 2025 .

