@Article{IPB-457, author = {Jutras, P. V. and Soldan, R. and Dodds, I. and Schuster, M. and Preston, G. M. and van der Hoorn, R. A. L.}, title = {{AgroLux: bioluminescent Agrobacterium to improve molecular pharming and study plant immunity}}, year = {2021}, pages = {600-612}, journal = {Plant J.}, doi = {10.1111/tpj.15454}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.15454}, volume = {108}, abstract = {Agroinfiltration in Nicotiana benthamianais widely used to transiently express heterologous proteins inplants. However, the state of Agrobacterium itself is not well studied in agroinfiltrated tissues, despite fre-quent studies of immunity genes conducted through agroinfiltration. Here, we generated a bioluminescentstrain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV3101 to monitor the luminescence of during agroin-filtration. By integrating a single copy of the lux operon into the genome, we generated a stable ‘AgroLux’ strain, which is bioluminescent without affecting Agrobacterium growth in vitro and in planta. To illustrate its versatility, we used AgroLux to demonstrate that high light intensity post infiltration suppresses both Agrobacterium luminescence and protein expression. We also discovered that AgroLux can detect Avr/Cf-induced immune responses before tissue collapse, establishing a robust and rapid quantitative assay for the hypersensitive response (HR). Thus, AgroLux provides a non-destructive, versatile and easy-to-use imagingtool to monitor both Agrobacterium and plant responses.} }