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Publikation

Ali, N. A. A.; Chhetri, B. K.; Dosoky, N. S.; Shari, K.; Al-Fahad, A. J. A.; Wessjohann, L.; Setzer, W. N.; Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxic Activities of Ocimum forskolei and Teucrium yemense (Lamiaceae) Essential Oils Medicines 4, 17, (2017) DOI: 10.3390/medicines4020017

Background:Ocimum forskolei and Teucrium yemense (Lamiaceae) are used in traditional medicine in Yemen. Methods: The chemical composition, antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the essential oils isolated from the leaves of Ocimum forskolei Benth. (EOOF) and two different populations of Teucrium yemense Deflers., one collected from Dhamar province (EOTY-d), and another collected from Taiz (EOTY-t) were investigated. The antimicrobial activities of the oils were evaluated against several microorganisms with the disc diffusion test or the broth microdilution test. The essential oils were screened for in-vitro cytotoxic activity against human tumor cells. EOOF and EOTY-d were screened for free-radical-inhibitory activity using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Results: Sixty-four compounds were identified in (EOOF) representing 100% of the oil content with endo-fenchol (31.1%), fenchone (12.2%), τ-cadinol (12.2%), and methyl (E)-cinnamate (5.1%) as the major compounds. In EOTY-d, 67 compounds were identified, which made up 91% of the total oil. The most abundant constituents were (E)-caryophyllene (11.2%), α-humulene (4.0.%), γ-selinene (5.5%), 7-epi-α-selinene (20.1%), and caryophyllene oxide (20.1%), while the major compounds in EOTY-t were α-pinene (6.6%), (E)-caryophyllene (19.1%) α-humulene (6.4%), δ-cadinene (6.5%), caryophyllene oxide (4.3%), α-cadinol (9.5%), and shyobunol (4.6%). The most sensitive microorganisms for EOOF were B. subtilis, S. aureus, and C. albicans with inhibition zones of 34, 16, and 24 mm and MIC values of, 4.3 mg/mL, 4.3 mg/mL, and 8.6 mg/mL, respectively. EOTY-t showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, B. cereus, A. niger, and B. cinerea with MIC values of 0.156, 0.156, 0.313 and 0.313 mg/mL, respectively. Neither essential oil showed remarkable radical inhibition (IC50 = 31.55 and 31.41 μL/mL). EOTY-d was active against HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines with IC50 = 43.7 μg/mL. Consistent with this, EOTY-t was active against both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast adenocarcinoma cells. Conclusions: The antimicrobial activity of Ocimum forskolei essential oil against B. subtilis and C. albicans is consistent with its traditional use in Yemeni traditional medicine to treat skin infections. Both O. forskolei and T. yemense show wide variations in their respective essential oil compositions; there remains a need to investigate both species botanically, genetically, and phytochemically more comprehensively.
Publikation

Ali, N. A. A.; Wurster, M.; Denkert, A.; Al-Sokari, S. S.; Lindequist, U.; Wessjohann, L.; Cytotoxic and antiphytofungal activity of the essential oils from two artemisia species World J. Pharm. Res. 3, 1350-1354, (2014)

Hydrodistilled essential oils from aerial parts of Artemisia abyssinica Sch.Bip. ex A. Rich, and Artemisia arborescens L. growing in Yemen were screened for their cytotoxic and antiphytofungal properties as well as their chemical compositions. Twenty-seven components were identified in the essential oils and the main components of these species were found to be davanone (42.34%), camphor (22.88%), nerolidol (8.96%), and chamazulene (4.46%), from A. abyssinica oil and artemisia ketone (51.05%), camphor (14.09%), α-bisabolol (12.56%) and α-phellandrene (8.69%) from A. arborescens. At concentration of 50 and 25 μg/mL, A. arborescens oil showed a strong cytotoxic activity with growth inhibition of 95%(±1.6) and 74%(±3.8) (IC50 of 16.91 μg/mL) against HT29 tumor cells (Human colonic adenocarcinoma cells), while A. abyssinica oil exhibited at concentration of 100 and 50 μg/mL growth inhibition of 71.0% (±12.5) and 27.3%(±14.4) (IC50 of 75.42 μg/mL) respectively. Bioautographic assay was used to evaluate the antiphytofungal activity of the oils against Cladosporium cucumerinum.

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