Bücher und Buchkapitel
Möller, B.; Bürstenbinder, K. Semi-Automatic Cell Segmentation from Noisy Image Data for Quantification of Microtubule Organization on Single Cell Level 199-203, (2019) ISBN: 978-1-5386-3640-4 DOI: 10.1109/ISBI.2019.8759145
The structure of the microtubule cytoskeleton
provides valuable information related to morphogenesis of cells. The
cytoskeleton organizes into diverse patterns that vary in cells of
different types and tissues, but also within a single tissue. To assess
differences in cytoskeleton organization methods are needed that
quantify cytoskeleton patterns within a complete cell and which are
suitable for large data sets. A major bottleneck in most approaches,
however, is a lack of techniques for automatic extraction of cell
contours. Here, we present a semi-automatic pipeline for cell
segmentation and quantification of microtubule organization. Automatic
methods are applied to extract major parts of the contours and a handy
image editor is provided to manually add missing information
efficiently. Experimental results prove that our approach yields
high-quality contour data with minimal user intervention and serves a
suitable basis for subsequent quantitative studies.
Publikation
Ibañez, C.; Poeschl, Y.; Peterson, T.; Bellstädt, J.; Denk, K.; Gogol-Döring, A.; Quint, M.; Delker, C. Ambient temperature and genotype differentially affect developmental and phenotypic plasticity in Arabidopsis thaliana BMC Plant Biol 17, 114, (2017) DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1068-5
BackgroundGlobal increase in ambient temperatures
constitute a significant challenge to wild and cultivated plant species.
Forward genetic analyses of individual temperature-responsive traits
have resulted in the identification of several signaling and response
components. However, a comprehensive knowledge about temperature
sensitivity of different developmental stages and the contribution of
natural variation is still scarce and fragmented at best.ResultsHere, we
systematically analyze thermomorphogenesis throughout a complete life
cycle in ten natural Arabidopsis thaliana accessions grown under long
day conditions in four different temperatures ranging from 16 to 28 °C.
We used Q10, GxE, phenotypic divergence and correlation analyses to
assess temperature sensitivity and genotype effects of more than 30
morphometric and developmental traits representing five phenotype
classes. We found that genotype and temperature differentially affected
plant growth and development with variing strengths. Furthermore,
overall correlations among phenotypic temperature responses was
relatively low which seems to be caused by differential capacities for
temperature adaptations of individual
accessions.ConclusionGenotype-specific temperature responses may be
attractive targets for future forward genetic approaches and
accession-specific thermomorphogenesis maps may aid the assessment of
functional relevance of known and novel regulatory components.
Bücher und Buchkapitel
Flores, R.; Gago-Zachert, S.; De la Peña, M.; Navarro, B. Chrysanthemum Chlorotic Mottle Viroid (Ed. A. Hadidi, et al.). 331-338, (2017) ISBN: eBook ISBN: 9780128017029; Hardcover ISBN: 9780128014981. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-801498-1.00031-0
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Bücher und Buchkapitel
Jasmonic acid and other fatty-acid-derived compounds called oxylipins are signals in stress responses and development of plants. The receptor complex, signal transduction components as well as repressors and activators in jasmonate-induced gene expression have been elucidated. Different regulatory levels and cross-talk with other hormones are responsible for the multiplicity of plant responses to environmental and developmental cues.
Publikation
Hoehenwarter, W.; Mönchgesang, S.; Neumann, S.; Majovsky, P.; Abel, S.; Müller, J. Comparative expression profiling reveals a role of the root apoplast in local phosphate response BMC Plant Biol 16 , 106, (2016) DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0790-8
BackgroundPlant adaptation to limited phosphate availability
comprises a wide range of responses to conserve and remobilize internal
phosphate sources and to enhance phosphate acquisition. Vigorous
restructuring of root system architecture provides a developmental
strategy for topsoil exploration and phosphate scavenging. Changes in
external phosphate availability are locally sensed at root tips and
adjust root growth by modulating cell expansion and cell division. The
functionally interacting Arabidopsis genes, LOW PHOSPHATE RESPONSE 1 and
2 (LPR1/LPR2) and PHOSPHATE DEFICIENCY RESPONSE 2 (PDR2), are key
components of root phosphate sensing. We recently demonstrated that the
LOW PHOSPHATE RESPONSE 1 - PHOSPHATE DEFICIENCY RESPONSE 2 (LPR1-PDR2)
module mediates apoplastic deposition of ferric iron (Fe3+) in the
growing root tip during phosphate limitation. Iron deposition coincides
with sites of reactive oxygen species generation and triggers cell wall
thickening and callose accumulation, which interfere with cell-to-cell
communication and inhibit root growth.ResultsWe took advantage of
the opposite phosphate-conditional root phenotype of the phosphate
deficiency response 2 mutant (hypersensitive) and low phosphate response
1 and 2 double mutant (insensitive) to investigate the phosphate
dependent regulation of gene and protein expression in roots using
genome-wide transcriptome and proteome analysis. We observed an
overrepresentation of genes and proteins that are involved in the
regulation of iron homeostasis, cell wall remodeling and reactive oxygen
species formation, and we highlight a number of candidate genes with a
potential function in root adaptation to limited phosphate availability.
Our experiments reveal that FERRIC REDUCTASE DEFECTIVE 3 mediated,
apoplastic iron redistribution, but not intracellular iron uptake and
iron storage, triggers phosphate-dependent root growth modulation. We
further highlight expressional changes of several cell wall-modifying
enzymes and provide evidence for adjustment of the pectin network at
sites of iron accumulation in the root.ConclusionOur study
reveals new aspects of the elaborate interplay between phosphate
starvation responses and changes in iron homeostasis. The results
emphasize the importance of apoplastic iron redistribution to mediate
phosphate-dependent root growth adjustment and suggest an important role
for citrate in phosphate-dependent apoplastic iron transport. We
further demonstrate that root growth modulation correlates with an
altered expression of cell wall modifying enzymes and changes in the
pectin network of the phosphate-deprived root tip, supporting the
hypothesis that pectins are involved in iron binding and/or phosphate
mobilization.
Bücher und Buchkapitel
Tissier, A.; Ziegler, J.; Vogt, T. Specialized Plant Metabolites: Diversity and Biosynthesis (Krauss, G.-J. & Nies, D. H., eds.). 14-37, (2015) ISBN: 978-3-527-31650-2 DOI: 10.1002/9783527686063.ch2
Plant secondary metabolites, also termed
specialized plant metabolites, currently comprise more than 200 000
natural products that are all based on a few biosynthetic pathways and
key primary metabolites. Some pathways like flavonoid and terpenoid
biosynthesis are universally distributed in the plant kingdom, whereas
others like alkaloid or cyanogenic glycoside biosynthesis are restricted
to a limited set of taxa. Diversification is achieved by an array of
mechanisms at the genetic and enzymatic level including gene
duplications, substrate promiscuity of enzymes, cell‐specific regulatory
systems, together with modularity and combinatorial aspects.
Specialized metabolites reflect adaptations to a specific environment.
The observed diversity illustrates the heterogeneity and multitude of
ecological habitats and niches that plants have colonized so far and
constitutes a reservoir of potential new metabolites that may provide
adaptive advantage in the face of environmental changes. The code that
connects the observed chemical diversity to this ecological diversity is
largely unknown. One way to apprehend this diversity is to realize its
tremendous plasticity and evolutionary potential. This chapter presents
an overview of the most widespread and popular secondary metabolites,
which provide a definite advantage to adapt to or to colonize a
particular environment, making the boundary between the “primary” and
the “secondary” old fashioned and blurry.
Bücher und Buchkapitel
Wasternack, C. Jasmonates in plant growth and stress responses. (Tran, L.-S.; Pal, S.). Springer, 221-264, (2014) ISBN: 978-1-4939-0490-7 (hardcover) 978-1-4939-4814-7 (softcover) DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0491-4_8
Abiotic and biotic stresses adversely affect plant growth and productivity. The phytohormones regulate key physiological events under normal and stressful conditions for plant development. Accumulative research efforts have discovered important roles of phytohormones and their interactions in regulation of plant adaptation to numerous stressors. Intensive molecular studies have elucidated various plant hormonal pathways; each of which consist of many signaling components that link a specific hormone perception to the regulation of downstream genes. Signal transduction pathways of auxin, abscisic acid, cytokinins, gibberellins and ethylene have been thoroughly investigated. More recently, emerging signaling pathways of brassinosteroids, jasmonates, salicylic acid and strigolactones offer an exciting gateway for understanding their multiple roles in plant physiological processes.At the molecular level, phytohormonal crosstalks can be antagonistic or synergistic or additive in actions. Additionally, the signal transduction component(s) of one hormonal pathway may interplay with the signaling component(s) of other hormonal pathway(s). Together these and other research findings have revolutionized the concept of phytohormonal studies in plants. Importantly, genetic engineering now enables plant biologists to manipulate the signaling pathways of plant hormones for development of crop varieties with improved yield and stress tolerance.This book, written by internationally recognized scholars from various countries, represents the state-of-the-art understanding of plant hormones’ biology, signal transduction and implications. Aimed at a wide range of readers, including researchers, students, teachers and many others who have interests in this flourishing research field, every section is concluded with biotechnological strategies to modulate hormone contents or signal transduction pathways and crosstalk that enable us to develop crops in a sustainable manner. Given the important physiological implications of plant hormones in stressful environments, our book is finalized with chapters on phytohormonal crosstalks under abiotic and biotic stresses.
Bücher und Buchkapitel
Vaira, A. M.; Gago-Zachert, S.; Garcia, M. L.; Guerri, J.; Hammond, J.; Milne, R. G.; Moreno, P.; Morikawa, T.; Natsuaki, T.; Navarro, J. A.; Pallas, V.; Torok, V.; Verbeek, M.; Vetten, H. J. Family - Ophioviridae (King, A. M. Q., et al., eds.). 743-748, (2012) ISBN: 978-0-12-384684-6 DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-384684-6.00060-4
This chapter focuses on Ophioviridae family whose
sole member genus is Ophiovirus. The member species of the genus include
Citrus psorosis virus (CPsV), Freesia sneak virus(FreSV), Lettuce ring
necrosis virus (LRNV), and Mirafiori lettuce big-vein virus (MiLBVV).The
single stranded negative/possibly ambisense RNA genome is divided into
3–4 segments, each of which is encapsidated in a single coat protein
(43–50 kDa) forming filamentous virions of about 3 nm in diameter, in
shape of kinked or probably internally coiled circles of at least two
different contour lengths. Ophioviruses can be mechanically transmitted
to a limited range of test plants, inducing local lesions and systemic
mottle. The natural hosts of CPsV, ranunculus white mottle virus (RWMV),
MiLBVV, and LRNV are dicotyledonous plants of widely differing
taxonomy. CPsV has a wide geographical distribution in citrus in the
Americas, in the Mediterranean and in New Zealand. FreSV has been
reported in two species of the family Ranunculacae from Northern Italy,
and in lettuce in France and Germany. Tulip mild mottle mosaic virus
(TMMMV) has been reported in tulips in Japan. LRNV is closely associated
with lettuce ring necrosis disease in The Netherlands, Belgium, and
France, and FreSV has been reported in Europe, Africa, North America and
New Zealand.
Bücher und Buchkapitel
Dorka, R.; Miersch, O.; Hause, B.; Weik, P.; Wasternack, C. Chronobiologische Phänomene und Jasmonatgehalt bei Viscum album L. (Scheer, R.; Bauer, R.; Bekker, A.; Berg, P. A.; Fintelmann, V.). 49-56, (2009) ISBN: 978-3-933351-82
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Publikation
Serra, P.; Hashemian, S.M.B.; Pensabene-Bellavia, G.; Gago, S.; Durán-Vila, N. An artifical chimeric derivative of Citrus viroid V involves the terminal left domain in pathogenicity Molecular Plant Pathology 10, 515-522, (2009) DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2009.00553.x
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