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Publikationen - Molekulare Signalverarbeitung

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Publikation

Dahiya, P.; Bürstenbinder, K.; The making of a ring: Assembly and regulation of microtubule-associated proteins during preprophase band formation and division plane set-up Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 73, 102366, (2023) DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102366

The preprophase band (PPB) is a transient cytokinetic structure that marks the future division plane at the onset of mitosis. The PPB forms a dense cortical ring of mainly microtubules, actin filaments, endoplasmic reticulum, and associated proteins that encircles the nucleus of mitotic cells. After PPB disassembly, the positional information is preserved by the cortical division zone (CDZ). The formation of the PPB and its contribution to timely CDZ set-up involves activities of functionally distinct microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) that interact physically and genetically to support robust division plane orientation in plants. Recent studies identified two types of plant-specific MAPs as key regulators of PPB formation, the TON1 RECRUITMENT MOTIF (TRM) and IQ67 DOMAIN (IQD) families. Both families share hallmarks of disordered scaffold proteins. Interactions of IQDs and TRMs with multiple binding partners, including the microtubule severing KATANIN1, may provide a molecular framework to coordinate PPB formation, maturation, and disassembly.
Publikation

Abel, S.; Phosphate scouting by root tips Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 39, 168-177, (2017) DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.04.016

Chemistry assigns phosphate (Pi) dominant roles in metabolism; however, it also renders the macronutrient a genuinely limiting factor of plant productivity. Pi bioavailability is restricted by low Pi mobility in soil and antagonized by metallic toxicities, which force roots to actively seek and selectively acquire the vital element. During the past few years, a first conceptual outline has emerged of the sensory mechanisms at root tips, which monitor external Pi and transmit the edaphic cue to inform root development. This review highlights new aspects of the Pi acquisition strategy of Arabidopsis roots, as well as a framework of local Pi sensing in the context of antagonistic interactions between Pi and its major associated metallic cations, Fe3+ and Al3+.
Publikation

Rekik, I.; Drira, N.; Grubb, C. D.; Elleuch, A.; Molecular characterization and evolution studies of a SERK like gene transcriptionally induced during somatic embryogenesis in Phoenix Dactylifera L v Deglet Nour Genetika 47, 323-337, (2015) DOI: 10.2298/GENSR1501323R

A somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase like (SERKL) cDNA, designated PhSERKL, was isolated from date palm (Phoenix Dactylifera L) using RACE PCR. PhSERKL protein shared all the characteristic domains of the SERK family, including five leucine-rich repeats, one proline-rich region motif, a transmembrane domain, and kinase domains. Phylogenetic analyses using PHYLIP and Notung 2.7 programs suggest that the SERK proteins of some plant species resulted from relatively ancient duplication events. We predict an ancestor protein of monocots and dicots SERK using FASTML program. Somatic embryogenic cultures of date palm were established following transfer of callus cultures to medium containing 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The role of PhSERKL gene during establishment of somatic embryogenesis in culture was investigated using quantitative real-time PCR. PhSERKL gene was highly expressed during embryogenic competence acquisition and globular embryo formation in culture. Overall, levels of expression of PhSERKL gene were lower in nonembryogenic tissues and organs than in embryogenic callus.
Publikation

Wasternack, C.; Hause, B.; Blütenduft, Abwehr, Entwicklung: Jasmonsäure - ein universelles Pflanzenhormon Biologie in unserer Zeit 44, 164-171, (2014) DOI: 10.1002/biuz.201410535

Pflanzen müssen gegen vielfältige biotische und abiotische Umwelteinflusse eine Abwehr aufbauen. Aber gleichzeitig müssen sie wachsen und sich vermehren. Jasmonate sind neben anderen Hormonen ein zentrales Signal bei der Etablierung von Abwehrmechanismen, aber auch Signal von Entwicklungsprozessen wie Blüten‐ und Trichombildung, sowie der Hemmung von Wachstum. Biosynthese und essentielle Komponenten der Signaltransduktion von JA und seinem biologisch aktiven Konjugat JA‐Ile sind gut untersucht. Der Rezeptor ist ein Proteinkomplex, der “JA‐Ile‐Wahrnehmung” mit proteasomalem Abbau von Repressorproteinen verbindet. Dadurch können positiv agierende Transkriptionsfaktoren wirksam werden und vielfältige Genexpressionsänderungen auslösen. Dies betrifft die Bildung von Abwehrproteinen, Enzymen der JA‐Biosynthese und Sekundärstoffbildung, und Proteinen von Signalketten und Entwicklungsprozessen. Die Kenntnisse zur JA‐Ile‐Wirkung werden in Landwirtschaft und Biotechnologie genutzt.
Publikation

Song, S.; Qi, T.; Wasternack, C.; Xie, D.; Jasmonate signaling and crosstalk with gibberellin and ethylene Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 21, 112-119, (2014) DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2014.07.005

The phytohormone jasmonate (JA) plays essential roles in plant growth, development and defense. In response to the JA signal, the CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1 (COI1)-based SCF complexes recruit JASMONATE ZIM-domain (JAZ) repressors for ubiquitination and degradation, and subsequently regulate their downstream signaling components essential for various JA responses. Tremendous progress has been made in understanding the JA signaling pathway and its crosstalk with other phytohormone pathways during the past two decades. Recent studies have revealed that a variety of positive and negative regulators act as targets of JAZs to control distinctive JA responses, and that JAZs and these regulators function as crucial interfaces to mediate synergy and antagonism between JA and other phytohormones. Owing to different regulatory players in JA perception and JA signaling, a fine-tuning of JA-dependent processes in plant growth, development and defense is achieved. In this review, we will summarize the latest progresses in JA signaling and its crosstalk with gibberellin and ethylene.
Publikation

Abel, S.; Phosphate sensing in root development Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 14, 303-309, (2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2011.04.007

Phosphate (Pi) and its anhydrides constitute major nodes in metabolism. Thus, plant performance depends directly on Pi nutrition. Inadequate Pi availability in the rhizosphere is a common challenge to plants, which activate metabolic and developmental responses to maximize Pi usage and acquisition. The sensory mechanisms that monitor environmental Pi and transmit the nutritional signal to adjust root development have increasingly come into focus. Recent transcriptomic analyses and genetic approaches have highlighted complex antagonistic interactions between external Pi and Fe bioavailability and have implicated the stem cell niche as a target of Pi sensing to regulate root meristem activity.
Publikation

Quint, M.; Gray, W. M.; Auxin signaling Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 9, 448-453, (2006) DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2006.07.006

Auxin regulates a host of plant developmental and physiological processes, including embryogenesis, vascular differentiation, organogenesis, tropic growth, and root and shoot architecture. Genetic and biochemical studies carried out over the past decade have revealed that much of this regulation involves the SCFTIR1/AFB-mediated proteolysis of the Aux/IAA family of transcriptional regulators. With the recent finding that the TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE1 (TIR1)/AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX (AFB) proteins also function as auxin receptors, a potentially complete, and surprisingly simple, signaling pathway from perception to transcriptional response is now before us. However, understanding how this seemingly simple pathway controls the myriad of specific auxin responses remains a daunting challenge, and compelling evidence exists for SCFTIR1/AFB-independent auxin signaling pathways.
Publikation

Schwechheimer, C.; Villalobos, L. I. A. C.; Cullin-containing E3 ubiquitin ligases in plant development Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 7, 677-686, (2004) DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2004.09.009

In eukaryotes, the ubiquitin–proteasome system participates in the control of signal transduction events by selectively eliminating regulatory proteins. E3 ubiquitin ligases specifically bind degradation substrates and mediate their poly-ubiquitylation, a prerequisite for their degradation by the 26S proteasome. On the basis of the analysis of the Arabidopsis genome sequence, it is predicted that there are more than 1000 E3 ubiquitin ligases in plants. Several types of E3 ubiquitin ligases have already been characterized in eukaryotes. Recently, some of these E3 enzymes have been implicated in specific plant signaling pathways.
Publikation

Wasternack, C.; Hause, B.; Stressabwehr und Entwicklung: Jasmonate — chemische Signale in Pflanzen Biologie in unserer Zeit 30, 312-320, (2000) DOI: 10.1002/1521-415X(200011)30:6<312::AID-BIUZ312>3.0.CO;2-8

Chemische Signale wurden bereits im 19.Jahrhundert als Regulatoren von Wachstum und Entwicklung der Pflanzen postuliert.In den letzten 70 Jahren wurde die Wirkungsweise der klassischen Pflanzenhormone wie der Auxine, Gibberelline, Cytokinine, Ethylen und Abscisinsäure aufgeklärt. Doch erst im letzten Jahrzehnt entdeckte man die Bedeutung der Brassinosteroide, der Peptidhormone und der Jasmonate.
Publikation

Quint, M.; Melchinger, A. E.; Dußle, C. M.; Lübberstedt, T.; Breeding for virus resistance in maize Genetika 32, 529-545, (2000)

Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is an important disease in maize, which is emerging in Germany since 1983. Using this pest as a model for the inheritance of oligogenic traits, we clarified the genetic ba­sis for resistance in early maturing European maize germplasm. Screening of 122 adapted European inbred lines identified three completely resistant lines, which were used for further analyses. The genetics of SCMV resis­tance was investigated by allelism tests in field experiments combined with QTL and bulked segregant analyses (BSA) on the marker level. QTL analyses revealed the presence of two major genes Scm1 and Scm2 plus three minor QTL. Involvement of Scm1 and Scm2 in the inheritance of SCMV resistance could be confirmed by BSA in a second cross. Breeders can make use of tightly linked STS markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS) as well as our SCMV resistant flint lines to improve their elite germplasm. Currently, recurrent backcrossing with phenotypic selection is the most appropriate and cost effective breeding method. With de­creasing costs of DNA chip technology, MAS can be competitive with phenotypic selection in the near future. Further objectives of our research are the isolation and cloning of Scm1 and Scm2. To achieve this goal we follow two different approaches. (1) Positional cloning based on more than 500 AFLP primer combinations resulted in Scm1/Scm2 specific markers with a resolution of approximately 0.2 cM in the respective re­gions. (2) Resistance gene analogues (RGAs), cosegregating with the tar­get genes are used to identify further candidate genes for transformation experiments.
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